Minnesota requires investor-owned utilities, electric cooperatives, municipal power agencies, and power districts to have at least 20% of retail electricity sales generated or procured from eligible renewable sources (including solar PV, wind, hydroelectric, green hydrogen, landfill gas, RNG, landfill gas, and wastewater) by 2020 and 25% by 2025, with an additional 1.5% from solar starting in 2020 for public utilities. Utilities can comply with these standards using tradable renewable energy certificates, with a 4-year lifetime for each certificate. In 2023, the state added a carbon-free standard that requires all utilities to generate 80% of energy from carbon-free sources by 2030 (60% for non-public utilities), 90% by 2035, and 100% by 2040.
